What should a nurse monitor for patients on anticoagulant therapy?

Monitoring for signs of bleeding is critical for patients on anticoagulant therapy because these medications function by preventing the formation of blood clots, which increases the risk of excessive bleeding. Patients receiving anticoagulants may experience spontaneous bleeding or prolonged bleeding times, especially in situations where injury occurs.

Common signs to watch for include unusual bruising, blood in urine or stool, prolonged nosebleeds, and excessive bleeding from cuts. Detecting these signs early is essential for timely intervention to prevent serious complications, such as hemorrhage.

While monitoring for signs of infection, blood pressure fluctuations, and weight changes may be relevant for a patient's overall health, they are not the primary focus when a patient is on anticoagulant therapy. The risk of bleeding directly relates to the pharmacological action of these agents, making it a vital parameter for nurses to monitor.