Which of the following is an example of a sentinel event?

A sentinel event is defined as an unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk thereof. It's a significant event that signals the need for immediate investigation and response, often highlighting a flaw in the healthcare system that could lead to further incidents if not addressed.

In this context, the situation where a patient receives the wrong medication resulting in serious harm or death perfectly represents a sentinel event. It involves a grave outcome that could indicate serious underlying issues within the medication administration process or protocols, necessitating a detailed review to prevent such occurrences in the future. This type of event is crucial for ensuring patient safety and improving healthcare processes.

On the other hand, the other scenarios involve either minor injuries or complications that do not meet the criteria of a sentinel event. A minor injury or allergic reaction, while still requiring attention, do not indicate a critical situation as serious as the medication error. A successful surgery without complications signifies an ideal situation and does not suggest any negative outcomes, hence it is not a sentinel event.